جدید ترین مطلب در مورد ایل کردشولی
به نوشته گری سوی در کتاب مردم در حرکت خود نویسنده ومحقق آمریکائی که تز دوره دکتری خود را در ایران ودر عشایر کردشولی تحقیق نموده ، ایل کردشولی از اصیل ترین مردمان فارسی زبان ایران باستان می باشند که همچونان ایل قشقائی در ایران حضور داشته و کردشولی ها مردمی هستند مسلمان که در سال 1976 تعداد 286 خانوار بوده اند وبزرگ وکوچکی را به خوبی رعایت می کنند کردشولی ها مردمانی با صداقت و مهربان و مهمان نواز می باشند که به واسطه داشتن این صفات بسیار خوب زبان زد عام وخاص هستند .که در 120 فرسخی شیراز در سرحد چهاردانگه در اطراف دریاچه کافتر (ییلاق)به سر می برند وزمستان را در شهرهای جهرم و مبارک آباد قیر در( قشلاق) به سر می برند KORDSHULI, Fars Province, IranThis is a tribe of the Khamsch
Confederation with the Basserl and 'Arab, or the Arabs tribes. The Kordshull have various traditions about their origin, such as
entering Persia before, or with, the Qashqa'l. Other tradltlons see them as a breakaway Qashqa'i or Bakhtiari group, the latter being more likely as they speak the Lur dialect of Farsi and not the Turklc of the Qashqa'i. At least two tirehs, or sections, were formerly Bakhtiari sections. Early in the twentieth century, they were an Independent tribe. They were considered part of the Khamseh Confederation from 1943 but they did not formally get recognition as members until
the 1970s, and pol.itical power is
concentrated in the leaders of the sections.
In the mid•1970s they numbered 353 households, of which 296 were nomadic -
or 1,700 nomads. The 57 settled households were landowners or agricultural laborers living In the summer pasture area and stili integrated with the tribal structure. The Kordshull consider the sarluul, or the
summer pasture area in northern Fars, to be
their homeland .or vala,,; It Is the Shadkam Valley and lies 120 kilometers (75 ml.) north of Shlraz, TIley have villages, the largest 01 which is Khongesht, established In the valleys - although the winters are too
severe to keep the sheep there. The wheat and barley crops grown are important for bread and lodder respectively. Sugar beet and other crops are grown lor sale.
Nomadism
During the summer, the nomadic majority take their sheep Into nearby mountain pastures dally and their time Is productive In terms of carpet weaving. In summer they
live In a lta/lr, or light tent, open on the south side. Poorer Kordshuli do not migrate but winter in the vain", keeping their small flocks in shelters, but they spend the
summer camping with their nomadic kinsmen. The nomads migrate with the onset 01 cold weather in September.
The Kordshuli do not feel at horne in the winter pastures some 250 kilometers (150 mi.) to the south. Their six tribal sections, or tirehs, winter widely separated from each other, camping in the mountains at around l,()()()meters altitude, ncar Mobarakabad
and jahrom, south of Fars. In this area they compete for the lower pastures with the Qashqa'l, 'Arab, Basser! and the local
nomadic pastorallst Kuhaki people, who live
In tents there all year round; the police have to adjudicate in disputes. They spend the winter In their chador, or heavy black goat. hair ridge tent with loose stone walls around the base. A wall made of the household
stores divides the Interior, and half Is used for lambs and kids and half for the lamily. Carpets arc laid or the pebble floor, and the most honored positton for a guest is to sil against the baggage in the center. The camp, or bei/ah, are formed of both close relatives and more distant kin who share the same pasture. The members refer to each other as hamsayeh, or of the same shade, but each "tenthold," or IlIlIIe", is economically Independent and they tend to co-operate only in leading the pack trains on migration and In digging wells.
The spring migration begins at the Iranian New Year,and is a time for joy for most nomadic peoples. TIle Kordshull pack their donkeys and lead them between IWO brushwood flres as a symbolic "gateway" to the new year, and it is considered unlucky
SOUTHWEST ASIA 287
Confederation with the Basserl and 'Arab, or the Arabs tribes. The Kordshull have various traditions about their origin, such as
entering Persia before, or with, the Qashqa'l. Other tradltlons see them as a breakaway Qashqa'i or Bakhtiari group, the latter being more likely as they speak the Lur dialect of Farsi and not the Turklc of the Qashqa'i. At least two tirehs, or sections, were formerly Bakhtiari sections. Early in the twentieth century, they were an Independent tribe. They were considered part of the Khamseh Confederation from 1943 but they did not formally get recognition as members until
the 1970s, and pol.itical power is
concentrated in the leaders of the sections.
In the mid•1970s they numbered 353 households, of which 296 were nomadic -
or 1,700 nomads. The 57 settled households were landowners or agricultural laborers living In the summer pasture area and stili integrated with the tribal structure. The Kordshull consider the sarluul, or the
summer pasture area in northern Fars, to be
their homeland .or vala,,; It Is the Shadkam Valley and lies 120 kilometers (75 ml.) north of Shlraz, TIley have villages, the largest 01 which is Khongesht, established In the valleys - although the winters are too
severe to keep the sheep there. The wheat and barley crops grown are important for bread and lodder respectively. Sugar beet and other crops are grown lor sale.
Nomadism
During the summer, the nomadic majority take their sheep Into nearby mountain pastures dally and their time Is productive In terms of carpet weaving. In summer they
live In a lta/lr, or light tent, open on the south side. Poorer Kordshuli do not migrate but winter in the vain", keeping their small flocks in shelters, but they spend the
summer camping with their nomadic kinsmen. The nomads migrate with the onset 01 cold weather in September.
The Kordshuli do not feel at horne in the winter pastures some 250 kilometers (150 mi.) to the south. Their six tribal sections, or tirehs, winter widely separated from each other, camping in the mountains at around l,()()()meters altitude, ncar Mobarakabad
and jahrom, south of Fars. In this area they compete for the lower pastures with the Qashqa'l, 'Arab, Basser! and the local
nomadic pastorallst Kuhaki people, who live
In tents there all year round; the police have to adjudicate in disputes. They spend the winter In their chador, or heavy black goat. hair ridge tent with loose stone walls around the base. A wall made of the household
stores divides the Interior, and half Is used for lambs and kids and half for the lamily. Carpets arc laid or the pebble floor, and the most honored positton for a guest is to sil against the baggage in the center. The camp, or bei/ah, are formed of both close relatives and more distant kin who share the same pasture. The members refer to each other as hamsayeh, or of the same shade, but each "tenthold," or IlIlIIe", is economically Independent and they tend to co-operate only in leading the pack trains on migration and In digging wells.
The spring migration begins at the Iranian New Year,and is a time for joy for most nomadic peoples. TIle Kordshull pack their donkeys and lead them between IWO brushwood flres as a symbolic "gateway" to the new year, and it is considered unlucky
SOUTHWEST ASIA 287
+ نوشته شده در سه شنبه هجدهم مهر ۱۳۹۱ ساعت 22:59 توسط asadjavankhaksar
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